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<title>Leon Neil Cooper</title>

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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Leon Neil Cooper</span></h1>

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<p><b>Leon Neil Cooper</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (* <a href="28._Februar" title="28. Februar">28. Februar</a> <a href="1930" title="1930">1930</a> in <a href="New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="New_York_(Bundesstaat)" title="New York (Bundesstaat)">New York</a>; † <a href="23._Oktober" title="23. Oktober">23. Oktober</a> <a href="2024" title="2024">2024</a> in <a href="Providence" title="Providence">Providence</a>, <a href="Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) war ein <a href="Vereinigte_Staaten" title="Vereinigte Staaten">US-amerikanischer</a> <a href="Physiker" title="Physiker">Physiker</a>. Er erhielt den <a href="Nobelpreis_f%C3%BCr_Physik" title="Nobelpreis für Physik">Nobelpreis für Physik</a> 1972 gemeinsam mit <a href="John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a> und <a href="John_Robert_Schrieffer" title="John Robert Schrieffer">John Robert Schrieffer</a> für die Mitentwicklung der <a href="BCS-Theorie" title="BCS-Theorie">BCS-Theorie</a>, die zur Erklärung der <a href="Supraleitung" class="mw-redirect" title="Supraleitung">Supraleitung</a> beiträgt.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leben_und_Werk">Leben und Werk</h2></div>

<p>Cooper studierte an der <a href="Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> (Bachelorabschluss 1951, Master 1953), wo er 1954 promovierte (Mu-Mesonic atoms and the electromagnetic radius of the nucleus). 1954/1955 war er am <a href="Institute_for_Advanced_Study" title="Institute for Advanced Study">Institute for Advanced Study</a> und danach bis 1957 an der <a href="University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana-Champaign" title="University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign">University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign</a>. 1957 wurde er Assistant Professor an der <a href="Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State University</a> und 1958 zunächst Associate Professor und ab 1962 Professor an der <a href="Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown University</a> in <a href="Providence" title="Providence">Providence</a> (<a href="Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a>). Ab 1966 war er dort „Henry Ledyard Goddard University Professor“ und ab 1974 „Thomas J. Watson Senior Professor of Science“. Ab 1992 war er Direktor des Instituts für Neurowissenschaften („Institute of Brain and Neural Systems“).

</p><p>Der Hauptbeitrag von Cooper liegt in der BCS-Theorie. Die BCS-Theorie wurde zwischen 1955 und 1957 von <a href="John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a> und <a href="John_Robert_Schrieffer" title="John Robert Schrieffer">John Robert Schrieffer</a> entwickelt und baut auf dem Konzept der <a href="Cooper-Paar" title="Cooper-Paar">Cooper-Paare</a> auf, das unter besonderen Bedingungen eine paarweise Anordnung von <a href="Elektron" title="Elektron">Elektronen</a> ermöglicht.

</p><p>Später beschäftigte er sich mit der Theorie des Gehirns, neuronalen Netzwerken und der Biologie des Lernens.

</p><p>Seit 1975 war er Mitglied der <a href="National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a>, deren <a href="Comstock-Preis_f%C3%BCr_Physik" title="Comstock-Preis für Physik">Comstock-Preis für Physik</a> er 1968 mit Schrieffer erhielt. Außerdem war er Mitglied der <a href="American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a>, der Society for Neuroscience, der <a href="American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a> und der <a href="American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a>. 1973 wurde er Ehrendoktor der Columbia University und der <a href="University_of_Sussex" title="University of Sussex">University of Sussex</a>. Außerdem war er Ehrendoktor des Gustaphus Adolphus College, der University of Illinois (1974), der Brown University (1974), der Universität Paris VI (Pierre et Marie Curie) und der Ohio State University. 1977 erhielt er die französische Descartes Medal (Universität Paris René Descartes) und 2000 die Medaille des College de France. 1959 bis 1966 war er <a href="Sloan_Research_Fellowship" title="Sloan Research Fellowship">Sloan Research Fellow</a>, 1963 Fellow der <a href="American_Physical_Society" title="American Physical Society">American Physical Society</a> und 1965/66 Guggenheim Fellow. Er erhielt den Excellence Award Graduate Faculties der Columbia University und den John Jay Award des Columbia College.

</p><p>Cooper hat an verschiedenen Institutionen im Ausland gelehrt und gearbeitet, darunter am <a href="Institut_Pasteur" title="Institut Pasteur">Institut Pasteur</a> und am <a href="Coll%C3%A8ge_de_France" title="Collège de France">Collège de France</a> in <a href="Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> sowie an der <a href="CERN" title="CERN">Europäischen Organisation für Kernforschung (CERN)</a> in <a href="Genf" title="Genf">Genf</a>, Schweiz.<sup id="cite_ref-lindau_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lindau-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Veröffentlichungen_(Auswahl)"><span id="Ver.C3.B6ffentlichungen_.28Auswahl.29"></span>Veröffentlichungen (Auswahl)</h2></div>

<ul><li>Leon N. Cooper: <cite style="font-style:italic">Bound Electron Pairs in a Degenerate Fermi Gas</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Physical_Review" title="Physical Review">Physical Review</a></cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>104</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>, 1956, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1189–1190</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.104.1189">10.1103/physrev.104.1189</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Leon+Neil+Cooper&rft.atitle=Bound+Electron+Pairs+in+a+Degenerate+Fermi+Gas&rft.au=Leon+N.+Cooper&rft.date=1956&rft.doi=10.1103%2Fphysrev.104.1189&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review&rft.pages=1189-1190&rft.volume=104" style="display:none"> </span></li>

<li>J. Bardeen, Leon N. Cooper, J. R. Schrieffer: <cite style="font-style:italic">Microscopic Theory of Superconductivity</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Physical Review</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>106</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, 1957, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>162–164</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.106.162">10.1103/physrev.106.162</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Leon+Neil+Cooper&rft.atitle=Microscopic+Theory+of+Superconductivity&rft.au=J.+Bardeen%2C+Leon+N.+Cooper%2C+J.+R.+Schrieffer&rft.date=1957&rft.doi=10.1103%2Fphysrev.106.162&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review&rft.pages=162-164&rft.volume=106" style="display:none"> </span></li>

<li>J. Bardeen, Leon N. Cooper, J. R. Schrieffer: <cite style="font-style:italic">Theory of Superconductivity</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Physical Review</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>108</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5</span>, 1957, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1175–1204</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.108.1175">10.1103/physrev.108.1175</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Leon+Neil+Cooper&rft.atitle=Theory+of+Superconductivity&rft.au=J.+Bardeen%2C+Leon+N.+Cooper%2C+J.+R.+Schrieffer&rft.date=1957&rft.doi=10.1103%2Fphysrev.108.1175&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review&rft.pages=1175-1204&rft.volume=108" style="display:none"> </span></li>

<li>Leon N. Cooper: <i>On the pairing interaction in the theory of superconductivity.</i> In: <i>Cargèse lectures in physics.</i> Gordon and Breach, New York 1967.</li>

<li>Leon N. Cooper: <i>An introduction to the meaning and structure of physics.</i> Harper and Row, New York 1968. (<span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archive.org/details/introductiontome0000coop">Digitalisat im Internet Archive</a></span><span style="display: none;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D%7B%7B%7B1%7D%7D%7D~GB%3D~IA%3Dintroductiontome0000coop~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3D~doppelseitig%3D~LT%3DDigitalisat%20im%20Internet%20Archive~PUR%3D">http://vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D%7B%7B%7B1%7D%7D%7D~GB%3D~IA%3Dintroductiontome0000coop~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3D~doppelseitig%3D~LT%3DDigitalisat%20im%20Internet%20Archive~PUR%3D</a></span>)</li>

<li>Leon N. Cooper: <cite style="font-style:italic">Origins of the theory of superconductivity</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">IEEE Transactions on Magnetics</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>23</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2</span>, 1987, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>376–379</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tmag.1987.1065151">10.1109/tmag.1987.1065151</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Leon+Neil+Cooper&rft.atitle=Origins+of+the+theory+of+superconductivity&rft.au=Leon+N.+Cooper&rft.date=1987&rft.doi=10.1109%2Ftmag.1987.1065151&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Transactions+on+Magnetics&rft.pages=376-379&rft.volume=23" style="display:none"> </span></li>

<li>Leon N. Cooper: <i>How we learn, how we remember: toward an understanding of brain and neural systems. Selected papers of Leon Cooper.</i> World Scientific 1995, ISBN 978-9810218140. (<span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archive.org/details/howwelearnhowwer0000coop">Digitalisat im Internet Archive</a></span><span style="display: none;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D%7B%7B%7B1%7D%7D%7D~GB%3D~IA%3Dhowwelearnhowwer0000coop~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3D~doppelseitig%3D~LT%3DDigitalisat%20im%20Internet%20Archive~PUR%3D">http://vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D%7B%7B%7B1%7D%7D%7D~GB%3D~IA%3Dhowwelearnhowwer0000coop~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3D~doppelseitig%3D~LT%3DDigitalisat%20im%20Internet%20Archive~PUR%3D</a></span>)</li>

<li>Leon N. Cooper: <cite style="font-style:italic">Memories and Memory: A Physicist’s Approach to the Brain</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">International Journal of Modern Physics A</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>15</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>26</span>, 2000, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4069–4082</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x0000272x">10.1142/s0217751x0000272x</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Leon+Neil+Cooper&rft.atitle=Memories+and+Memory%3A+A+Physicist%E2%80%99s+Approach+to+the+Brain&rft.au=Leon+N.+Cooper&rft.date=2000&rft.doi=10.1142%2Fs0217751x0000272x&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=26&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Modern+Physics+A&rft.pages=4069-4082&rft.volume=15" style="display:none"> </span></li>

<li>Leon N. Cooper, Nathan Intrator, Brian S. Blais, Harel Z. Shouval: <i>Theory of cortical plasticity.</i> World Scientific 2004, ISBN 978-9812387462.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>

<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Leon_Cooper?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Leon Cooper</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1972/summary/">Informationen</a> der <a href="Nobelpreis" title="Nobelpreis">Nobelstiftung</a> zur Preisverleihung 1972 an Leon Neil Cooper (englisch)</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.aip.org/phn/11501007.html"><i>Leon N. Cooper.</i></a> In: <i>Physics History Network.</i> American Institute of Physics (englisch)<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03798-0"><i>Leon Cooper obituary: Nobel laureate who developed theory of superconductivity.</i></a> Nachruf von <i><a href="Nature" title="Nature">Nature</a></i> vom 19. November 2024, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-03798-0" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1038/d41586-024-03798-0">doi:10.1038/d41586-024-03798-0</a>.</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://research.brown.edu/myresearch/Leon_Cooper">Homepage</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Laut anderen Angaben, die von seiner Familie kommen sollen, ist sein zweiter Vorname stattdessen Nathan.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/25/science/leon-cooper-dead.html"><i>Leon Cooper Dies at 94; Nobelist Unlocked Secrets of Superconductivity.</i></a> In: <i>nytimes.com.</i> 26. Oktober 2024,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 26. Oktober 2024</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeon+Neil+Cooper&rft.title=Leon+Cooper+Dies+at+94%3B+Nobelist+Unlocked+Secrets+of+Superconductivity&rft.description=Leon+Cooper+Dies+at+94%3B+Nobelist+Unlocked+Secrets+of+Superconductivity&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2024%2F10%2F25%2Fscience%2Fleon-cooper-dead.html&rft.date=2024-10-26&rft.language=en"> </span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-lindau-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-lindau_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediatheque.lindau-nobel.org/laureates/cooper"><i>Prof. Dr. Leon Neil Cooper.</i></a> In: <i>mediatheque.lindau-nobel.org.</i> 14. September 2018,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 26. Oktober 2024</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeon+Neil+Cooper&rft.title=Prof.+Dr.+Leon+Neil+Cooper&rft.description=Prof.+Dr.+Leon+Neil+Cooper&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediatheque.lindau-nobel.org%2Flaureates%2Fcooper&rft.date=2018-09-14&rft.language=en"> </span></span>

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<div class="klappleiste-kopf"><a href="Liste_der_Nobelpreistr%C3%A4ger_f%C3%BCr_Physik" title="Liste der Nobelpreisträger für Physik">Träger des Nobelpreises für Physik</a></div>

<p>1901: <a href="Wilhelm_Conrad_R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen">Röntgen</a> |

1902: <a href="Hendrik_Antoon_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Antoon Lorentz">Lorentz</a>, <a href="Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Zeeman</a> |

1903: <a href="Henri_Becquerel" title="Henri Becquerel">Becquerel</a>, <a href="Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">M. Curie</a>, <a href="Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">P. Curie</a> |

1904: <a href="John_Strutt%2C_3._Baron_Rayleigh" title="John Strutt, 3. Baron Rayleigh">Rayleigh</a> |

1905: <a href="Philipp_Lenard" title="Philipp Lenard">Lenard</a> |

1906: <a href="Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">J. J. Thomson</a> |

1907: <a href="Albert_Abraham_Michelson" title="Albert Abraham Michelson">Michelson</a> |

1908: <a href="Gabriel_Lippmann" title="Gabriel Lippmann">Lippmann</a> |

1909: <a href="Ferdinand_Braun" title="Ferdinand Braun">Braun</a>, <a href="Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Marconi</a> |

1910: <a href="Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">van der Waals</a> |

1911: <a href="Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wien</a> |

1912: <a href="Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Gustaf Dalén">Dalén</a> |

1913: <a href="Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Kamerlingh Onnes</a> |

1914: <a href="Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">Laue</a> |

1915: <a href="William_Henry_Bragg" title="William Henry Bragg">W. H. Bragg</a>, <a href="William_Lawrence_Bragg" title="William Lawrence Bragg">W. L. Bragg</a> |

1916: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1917: <a href="Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Barkla</a> |

1918: <a href="Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planck</a> |

1919: <a href="Johannes_Stark" title="Johannes Stark">Stark</a> |

1920: <a href="Charles_%C3%89douard_Guillaume" title="Charles Édouard Guillaume">Guillaume</a> |

1921: <a href="Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a> |

1922: <a href="Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N. Bohr</a> |

1923: <a href="Robert_Andrews_Millikan" title="Robert Andrews Millikan">Millikan</a> |

1924: <a href="Manne_Siegbahn" title="Manne Siegbahn">M. Siegbahn</a> |

1925: <a href="James_Franck" title="James Franck">Franck</a>, <a href="Gustav_Hertz" title="Gustav Hertz">Hertz</a> |

1926: <a href="Jean_Perrin" title="Jean Perrin">Perrin</a> |

1927: <a href="Arthur_Holly_Compton" title="Arthur Holly Compton">Compton</a>, <a href="Charles_Thomson_Rees_Wilson" title="Charles Thomson Rees Wilson">C. T. R. Wilson</a> |

1928: <a href="Owen_Willans_Richardson" title="Owen Willans Richardson">O. W. Richardson</a> |

1929: <a href="Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">de Broglie</a> |

1930: <a href="C._V._Raman" title="C. V. Raman">Raman</a> |

1931: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1932: <a href="Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Heisenberg</a> |

1933: <a href="Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Schrödinger</a>, <a href="Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Dirac</a> |

1934: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1935: <a href="James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">Chadwick</a> |

1936: <a href="Victor_Franz_Hess" title="Victor Franz Hess">Hess</a>, <a href="Carl_David_Anderson" title="Carl David Anderson">C. D. Anderson</a> |

1937: <a href="Clinton_Davisson" title="Clinton Davisson">Davisson</a>, <a href="George_Paget_Thomson" title="George Paget Thomson">G. P. Thomson</a> |

1938: <a href="Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a> |

1939: <a href="Ernest_Lawrence" title="Ernest Lawrence">Lawrence</a> |

1940–1942: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1943: <a href="Otto_Stern_(Physiker)" title="Otto Stern (Physiker)">Stern</a> |

1944: <a href="Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Rabi</a> |

1945: <a href="Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Pauli</a> |

1946: <a href="Percy_Williams_Bridgman" title="Percy Williams Bridgman">Bridgman</a> |

1947: <a href="Edward_Victor_Appleton" title="Edward Victor Appleton">Appleton</a> |

1948: <a href="Patrick_Blackett%2C_Baron_Blackett" title="Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett">Blackett</a> |

1949: <a href="Hideki_Yukawa" title="Hideki Yukawa">Yukawa</a> |

1950: <a href="Cecil_Powell" title="Cecil Powell">Powell</a> |

1951: <a href="John_Cockcroft" title="John Cockcroft">Cockcroft</a>, <a href="Ernest_Walton" title="Ernest Walton">Walton</a> |

1952: <a href="Felix_Bloch" title="Felix Bloch">Bloch</a>, <a href="Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Purcell</a> |

1953: <a href="Frits_Zernike" title="Frits Zernike">Zernike</a> |

1954: <a href="Max_Born" title="Max Born">Born</a>, <a href="Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Bothe</a> |

1955: <a href="Willis_Eugene_Lamb" title="Willis Eugene Lamb">Lamb</a>, <a href="Polykarp_Kusch" title="Polykarp Kusch">Kusch</a> |

1956: <a href="William_Bradford_Shockley" title="William Bradford Shockley">Shockley</a>, <a href="John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a>, <a href="Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Brattain</a> |

1957: <a href="Chen_Ning_Yang" title="Chen Ning Yang">Yang</a>, <a href="Tsung-Dao_Lee" title="Tsung-Dao Lee">T.-D. Lee</a> |

1958: <a href="Pawel_Alexejewitsch_Tscherenkow" title="Pawel Alexejewitsch Tscherenkow">Tscherenkow</a>, <a href="Ilja_Michailowitsch_Frank" title="Ilja Michailowitsch Frank">Frank</a>, <a href="Igor_Jewgenjewitsch_Tamm" title="Igor Jewgenjewitsch Tamm">Tamm</a> |

1959: <a href="Emilio_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Segrè">Segrè</a>, <a href="Owen_Chamberlain" title="Owen Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a> |

1960: <a href="Donald_Arthur_Glaser" title="Donald Arthur Glaser">Glaser</a> |

1961: <a href="Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Hofstadter</a>, <a href="Rudolf_M%C3%B6%C3%9Fbauer" title="Rudolf Mößbauer">Mößbauer</a> |

1962: <a href="Lew_Dawidowitsch_Landau" title="Lew Dawidowitsch Landau">Landau</a> |

1963: <a href="Eugene_Paul_Wigner" title="Eugene Paul Wigner">Wigner</a>, <a href="Maria_Goeppert-Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert-Mayer">Goeppert-Mayer</a>, <a href="Johannes_Hans_Daniel_Jensen" title="Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen">Jensen</a> |

1964: <a href="Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes">Townes</a>, <a href="Nikolai_Gennadijewitsch_Bassow" title="Nikolai Gennadijewitsch Bassow">Bassow</a>, <a href="Alexander_Michailowitsch_Prochorow" title="Alexander Michailowitsch Prochorow">Prochorow</a> |

1965: <a href="Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Feynman</a>, <a href="Julian_Seymour_Schwinger" title="Julian Seymour Schwinger">Schwinger</a>, <a href="Shin%E2%80%99ichir%C5%8D_Tomonaga" title="Shin’ichirō Tomonaga">Tomonaga</a> |

1966: <a href="Alfred_Kastler" title="Alfred Kastler">Kastler</a> |

1967: <a href="Hans_Bethe" title="Hans Bethe">Bethe</a> |

1968: <a href="Luis_Walter_Alvarez" title="Luis Walter Alvarez">Alvarez</a> |

1969: <a href="Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Gell-Mann</a> |

1970: <a href="Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Alfvén</a>, <a href="Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel">Néel</a> |

1971: <a href="Dennis_G%C3%A1bor" title="Dennis Gábor">Gábor</a> |

1972: <a href="John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cooper</a>, <a href="John_Robert_Schrieffer" title="John Robert Schrieffer">Schrieffer</a> |

1973: <a href="Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Esaki</a>, <a href="Ivar_Giaever" title="Ivar Giaever">Giaever</a>, <a href="Brian_David_Josephson" title="Brian David Josephson">Josephson</a> |

1974: <a href="Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Ryle</a>, <a href="Antony_Hewish" title="Antony Hewish">Hewish</a> |

1975: <a href="Aage_Niels_Bohr" title="Aage Niels Bohr">A. N. Bohr</a>, <a href="Ben_Mottelson" title="Ben Mottelson">Mottelson</a>, <a href="James_Rainwater" title="James Rainwater">Rainwater</a> |

1976: <a href="Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Richter</a>, <a href="Samuel_Chao_Chung_Ting" title="Samuel Chao Chung Ting">Ting</a> |

1977: <a href="Philip_Warren_Anderson" title="Philip Warren Anderson">P. W. Anderson</a>, <a href="Nevill_Francis_Mott" title="Nevill Francis Mott">Mott</a>, <a href="John_Hasbrouck_Van_Vleck" title="John Hasbrouck Van Vleck">Van Vleck</a> |

1978: <a href="Pjotr_Leonidowitsch_Kapiza" title="Pjotr Leonidowitsch Kapiza">Kapiza</a>, <a href="Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias">Penzias</a>, <a href="Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">R. W. Wilson</a> |

1979: <a href="Sheldon_Lee_Glashow" title="Sheldon Lee Glashow">Glashow</a>, <a href="Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam">Salam</a>, <a href="Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Weinberg</a> |

1980: <a href="James_Cronin" title="James Cronin">Cronin</a>, <a href="Val_Fitch" title="Val Fitch">Fitch</a> |

1981: <a href="Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Bloembergen</a>, <a href="Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow">Schawlow</a>, <a href="Kai_Siegbahn" title="Kai Siegbahn">K. Siegbahn</a> |

1982: <a href="Kenneth_Wilson" title="Kenneth Wilson">K. Wilson</a> |

1983: <a href="Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Chandrasekhar</a>, <a href="William_Alfred_Fowler" title="William Alfred Fowler">Fowler</a> |

1984: <a href="Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia">Rubbia</a>, <a href="Simon_van_der_Meer" title="Simon van der Meer">van der Meer</a> |

1985: <a href="Klaus_von_Klitzing" title="Klaus von Klitzing">von Klitzing</a> |

1986: <a href="Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ruska</a>, <a href="Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Binnig</a>, <a href="Heinrich_Rohrer" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Rohrer</a> |

1987: <a href="Georg_Bednorz" title="Georg Bednorz">Bednorz</a>, <a href="Karl_Alexander_M%C3%BCller" title="Karl Alexander Müller">Müller</a> |

1988: <a href="Leon_Max_Lederman" title="Leon Max Lederman">Lederman</a>, <a href="Melvin_Schwartz" title="Melvin Schwartz">Schwartz</a>, <a href="Jack_Steinberger" title="Jack Steinberger">Steinberger</a> |

1989: <a href="Wolfgang_Paul_(Physiker)" title="Wolfgang Paul (Physiker)">Paul</a>, <a href="Hans_Georg_Dehmelt" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt">Dehmelt</a>, <a href="Norman_Ramsey" title="Norman Ramsey">Ramsey</a> |

1990: <a href="Jerome_Isaac_Friedman" title="Jerome Isaac Friedman">Friedman</a>, <a href="Henry_Way_Kendall" title="Henry Way Kendall">Kendall</a>, <a href="Richard_Edward_Taylor" title="Richard Edward Taylor">R. E. Taylor</a> |

1991: <a href="Pierre-Gilles_de_Gennes" title="Pierre-Gilles de Gennes">de Gennes</a> |

1992: <a href="Georges_Charpak" title="Georges Charpak">Charpak</a> |

1993: <a href="Russell_Hulse" title="Russell Hulse">Hulse</a>, <a href="Joseph_Hooton_Taylor%2C_Jr." title="Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.">J. H. Taylor</a> |

1994: <a href="Bertram_Brockhouse" title="Bertram Brockhouse">Brockhouse</a>, <a href="Clifford_Shull" title="Clifford Shull">Shull</a> |

1995: <a href="Martin_Lewis_Perl" title="Martin Lewis Perl">Perl</a>, <a href="Frederick_Reines" title="Frederick Reines">Reines</a> |

1996: <a href="David_Morris_Lee" title="David Morris Lee">D. M. Lee</a>, <a href="Douglas_Dean_Osheroff" title="Douglas Dean Osheroff">Osheroff</a>, <a href="Robert_Coleman_Richardson" title="Robert Coleman Richardson">R. C. Richardson</a> |

1997: <a href="Steven_Chu" title="Steven Chu">Chu</a>, <a href="Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji" title="Claude Cohen-Tannoudji">Cohen-Tannoudji</a>, <a href="William_Daniel_Phillips" title="William Daniel Phillips">Phillips</a> |

1998: <a href="Robert_Betts_Laughlin" title="Robert Betts Laughlin">Laughlin</a>, <a href="Horst_Ludwig_St%C3%B6rmer" title="Horst Ludwig Störmer">Störmer</a>, <a href="Daniel_Chee_Tsui" title="Daniel Chee Tsui">Tsui</a> |

1999: <a href="Gerard_%E2%80%99t_Hooft" title="Gerard ’t Hooft">’t Hooft</a>, <a href="Martinus_J._G._Veltman" title="Martinus J. G. Veltman">Veltman</a> |

2000: <a href="Schores_Iwanowitsch_Alfjorow" title="Schores Iwanowitsch Alfjorow">Alfjorow</a>, <a href="Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Kroemer</a>, <a href="Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Kilby</a> |

2001: <a href="Eric_Allin_Cornell" title="Eric Allin Cornell">Cornell</a>, <a href="Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Ketterle</a>, <a href="Carl_Edwin_Wieman" title="Carl Edwin Wieman">Wieman</a> |

2002: <a href="Raymond_Davis_junior" title="Raymond Davis junior">Davis Jr.</a>, <a href="Masatoshi_Koshiba" title="Masatoshi Koshiba">Koshiba</a>, <a href="Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Giacconi</a> |

2003: <a href="Alexei_Alexejewitsch_Abrikossow" title="Alexei Alexejewitsch Abrikossow">Abrikossow</a>, <a href="Witali_Lasarewitsch_Ginsburg" title="Witali Lasarewitsch Ginsburg">Ginsburg</a>, <a href="Anthony_James_Leggett" title="Anthony James Leggett">Leggett</a> |

2004: <a href="David_Gross" title="David Gross">Gross</a>, <a href="David_Politzer" title="David Politzer">Politzer</a>, <a href="Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek">Wilczek</a> |

2005: <a href="Roy_Jay_Glauber" title="Roy Jay Glauber">Glauber</a>, <a href="John_Lewis_Hall" title="John Lewis Hall">Hall</a>, <a href="Theodor_H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor Hänsch">Hänsch</a> |

2006: <a href="John_Cromwell_Mather" title="John Cromwell Mather">Mather</a>, <a href="George_Smoot" title="George Smoot">Smoot</a> |

2007: <a href="Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Fert</a>, <a href="Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Grünberg</a> |

2008: <a href="Y%C5%8Dichir%C5%8D_Nambu" title="Yōichirō Nambu">Nambu</a>, <a href="Makoto_Kobayashi_(Physiker)" title="Makoto Kobayashi (Physiker)">Kobayashi</a>, <a href="Toshihide_Masukawa" title="Toshihide Masukawa">Maskawa</a> |

2009: <a href="Charles_Kuen_Kao" title="Charles Kuen Kao">Kao</a>, <a href="Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Boyle</a>, <a href="George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">Smith</a> |

2010: <a href="Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Geim</a>, <a href="Konstantin_Novoselov" title="Konstantin Novoselov">Novoselov</a> |

2011: <a href="Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Perlmutter</a>, <a href="Brian_P._Schmidt" title="Brian P. Schmidt">Schmidt</a>, <a href="Adam_Riess" title="Adam Riess">Riess</a> |

2012: <a href="Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Haroche</a>, <a href="David_Wineland" title="David Wineland">Wineland</a> |

2013: <a href="Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">Englert</a>, <a href="Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a> |

2014: <a href="Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Akasaki</a>, <a href="Hiroshi_Amano" title="Hiroshi Amano">Amano</a>, <a href="Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Nakamura</a> |

2015: <a href="Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Kajita</a>, <a href="Arthur_McDonald" title="Arthur McDonald">McDonald</a> |

2016: <a href="David_J._Thouless" title="David J. Thouless">Thouless</a>, <a href="F._Duncan_M._Haldane" title="F. Duncan M. Haldane">Haldane</a>, <a href="J._Michael_Kosterlitz" title="J. Michael Kosterlitz">Kosterlitz</a> |

2017: <a href="Barry_Barish" title="Barry Barish">Barish</a>, <a href="Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Thorne</a>, <a href="Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Weiss</a> |

2018: <a href="Arthur_Ashkin" title="Arthur Ashkin">Ashkin</a>, <a href="G%C3%A9rard_Mourou" title="Gérard Mourou">Mourou</a>, <a href="Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Strickland</a> |

2019: <a href="James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">Peebles</a>, <a href="Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Mayor</a>, <a href="Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Queloz</a> |

2020: <a href="Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Penrose</a>, <a href="Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Genzel</a>, <a href="Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez">Ghez</a> |

2021: <a href="Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe">Manabe</a>, <a href="Klaus_Hasselmann" title="Klaus Hasselmann">Hasselmann</a>, <a href="Giorgio_Parisi" title="Giorgio Parisi">Parisi</a> |

2022: <a href="Alain_Aspect" title="Alain Aspect">Aspect</a>, <a href="John_Clauser" title="John Clauser">Clauser</a>, <a href="Anton_Zeilinger" title="Anton Zeilinger">Zeilinger</a> |

2023: <a href="Pierre_Agostini" title="Pierre Agostini">Agostini</a>, <a href="Ferenc_Krausz" title="Ferenc Krausz">Krausz</a>, <a href="Anne_L%E2%80%99Huillier" title="Anne L’Huillier">L’Huillier</a> |

2024: <a href="John_Hopfield" title="John Hopfield">Hopfield</a>, <a href="Geoffrey_Hinton" title="Geoffrey Hinton">Hinton</a> |

2025: <a href="John_Clarke_(Physiker)" title="John Clarke (Physiker)">Clarke</a>, <a href="Michel_Devoret" title="Michel Devoret">Devoret</a>, <a href="John_M._Martinis" title="John M. Martinis">Martinis</a>

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Normdaten (Person): <a href="Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/128723211">128723211</a></span> | <a href="Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82259798">n82259798</a></span> | <a href="Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/91305453/">91305453</a></span> | </div>

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